3/1/2023 0 Comments Airborne kingdom igg![]() ![]() Usually this is a self-limiting disease, with jaundice as the most common symptom. ![]() The most common clinical presentation of HEV infection is acute hepatitis. However, recent studies show that autochthonous HEV infections are an increasing public health concern in industrialised countries. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis, especially in developing countries. Our findings cannot refute the assumption that transmission is primarily food-borne. The prevalence increased with age from 10% in adolescents to 33% among those aged 50 and above, supporting the assumption of a cumulative lifetime exposure to HEV in the Netherlands as well as a higher infection pressure in the past. This study confirmed the high HEV seroprevalence (29%) in the general population of the Netherlands, but presence of antibodies was not associated with residential proximity to pig farms. A high number of pigs within 1,000 m of the residential address was not a risk factor for seropositivity. There was a clear trend of increasing prevalence with increasing age (Chi-square test for linear trend, X 2 = 83.1 p < 0.001). Determinants associated with an increased risk for HEV seropositivity were male gender and low level of education. The aim of this study was to determine the HEV seroprevalence and to assess whether seropositivity in adults was associated with living in the vicinity of pig farms. Participants completed risk factor questionnaires and blood samples of 2,422 subjects (median age 58 years, range 20–72) were tested for anti-HEV IgG using an enzyme immune assay (Wantai). Within a large study on the health of people living in the vicinity of livestock farming we performed a cross-sectional population-based serological survey among 2,494 non-farming adults from the general population in a livestock-dense area in the south of the Netherlands. This might pose a risk for of neighbouring residents of livestock farming. However, infected pigs can excrete large amounts of virus via their faeces enabling environmental transmission of HEV to humans. Pigs are the main animal reservoir, and zoonotic food-borne transmission of HEV is proven. The increasing trend in the number of autochthonous cases of HEV genotype 3 in Western European countries, stresses the importance to get insight in the exact routes of exposure. Recent serological studies indicate that hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in industrialised countries. ![]()
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